The senior management team would like you to produce a Marketing Plan Essay

The senior supervisory crew might want you to deliver a Marketing Plan Considering showcasing techniques and strategies inside your report - Essay Example Showcasing makes interface. The connection includes such huge numbers of partners both inside an association and the outside market. Wanting to connect with the more extensive market turns out to be accordingly a basic issue and includes a decent promoting arrangement to execute it (Ashishi, 2012, p. 21). Trafford Center is a Shopping Center in the city of Manchester in UK. Arranged close to Trafford Park mechanical home and the circumstance is around 5 miles off the downtown area. By retail size, the middle is the second biggest retail place in the UK. The retail place was procured by Intu Properties in the year 2011 through a high scale deal throughout the entire existence of securing in the British history (Moss and DeSanto, 2002, p. 204). This report will make an advertising plan for the mall. Considering the equivalent, the arrangement will break down the SWOT investigation of the middle followed by a compelling showcasing review. The arrangement will at that point make an audit of the key goals and examine the control measures for the organization in usage of the methodology. The SWOT examination takes a gander at the basic achievement elements of the organization to the extent the extension system in the market is concerned (Cant, Strydo, and Jooste, 2009, p. 45). These will gauge the capacity of the organization to prevail among the numerous organizations that have been in the region before its tasks. One of the qualities of the organization is its area. The region is open by over 10% of the UK populace in which there is just a brief drive to the spot (Sharma, 2009, p. 295). This makes s extremely huge market if very much regulated. In the orient, the inside has an extremely enormous food court in the UK and it is notable thusly. It is likewise gotten to through the Manchester delivering waterway expanding its accessibility. The spot serves a ton of items and administrations including huge vehicle leaves, workmanship exhibitions, the royal war historical center, films and a lot more administrations. The shortcoming of this spot is that the guest

For and Against Criminal Justice Management Essay

For and Against Criminal Justice Management - Essay Example For and Against Criminal Justice Management In any species, regardless of whether among people or lesser created variety like well evolved creatures, reptiles, feathered creatures, and even bugs, correspondence is viewed as a fundamental segment for endurance and development. The subject of the gathering conversation is criminal equity the board (review). â€Å"In its broadest terms, criminal equity the executives is characterized as the administration, oversight, and regulating of the criminal equity framework. The criminal equity framework covers an expansive scope of zones of equity. It incorporates police offices, government organizations, state offices, the courts, and remedial facilities† (Strayer University 2011) The effective conversation will be alluded to as Discussion An, and the ineffective one as Discussion B. The essayist of this paper was the pioneer in Discussion some time staying a member in the other one. Welcome and thank you for consenting to take an interest in this conversation. You are for the most part mindful (in various ways) about expanding crime percentages in the nation. In any case, rather than simply rebuffing the hoodlums, it is felt that an administration framework be successfully actualized so crooks get an opportunity to get again into the standard society and furthermore to forestall people with criminal goal (for whatever reasons) not to enjoy such exercises. Before proceeding onward to the real conversation, let me simply diagram the jobs to be played by every part. The three brilliant guidelines are tune in to the speaker with no predisposition, not to murmur or converse with the individual sitting close to you (for instance, scheming), and when required stand up your brain truly and strikingly (Bulatao, 1999, 4). There are different do’s and don’ts that should be followed (Ganguly, 2002). furthermore, I will be severe with these rules. Mediation wil l be fundamental if the conversation turns threatening or goes outside the theme. Try not to continue rehashing what you have once as of now said and please try to remain sure that you have a few statistical data points to back up your focuses. Investment and response and significant and to wrap things up, be sufficiently courteous to thank the audience members toward the start and end of your conclusions. Being noisy and forceful won't go on without serious consequences, and don't interfere with an individual while he is talking. Unessential inquiries, being depreciative, and displaying of enthusiastic upheavals is certainly not an acknowledged standard in bunch conversations. In the event that you discover another speaker putting across sees in a superior manner, don't get anxious either acknowledge them or put across clear and legitimate contentions all things considered. I am sorry for this long presentation, yet trust I have made my focuses understood? The gathering in general †Yes Leader-Shall we at that point start, women and respectable men? Who will talk first, you should Ms D? Ms D †Okay. I feel that there are insufficient cops to control wrongdoing, particularly by workers and blacks in the nation. Mr B †I item to that remark. Do you have any figures or even purposes behind such an announcement? Mr A †No. I am simply expressing from the data from the media. (The gathering individuals start to talk themselves in regards to this issue) Leader †Ladies and honorable men, it would be ideal if you we are moving endlessly from the center issue of the conversation. You have just overlooked what I

Religion in Brazil Essay Example

Religion in Brazil Essay Example Religion in Brazil Essay Religion in Brazil Essay Brazil, orâ officially the Federative Republic of Brazil is the biggest nation in both South Americaâ and the Latin Americaâ region. It is the universes fifth biggest nation, both bygeographical areaâ andâ by populace more than 190 million individuals  It is the largest Lusophone, or portugese-speaking,â country on the planet, and the just one in the Americas. Religion assumes a significant job in the lives of the vast majority of the individuals in this biggest South American district. Here are some intriguing Brazil realities: Around 90% of this populace relates to a type of religion,  making it more strictly slanted than some other South American nation. Just around 1% of its populace don't have faith in a God, or a preeminent being in some structure or another. The Brazilian Constitution of 1889 announced that there was noâ officialâ religion in Brazil, so everybody was allowed to accept as they loved. That’s why, much the same as the USA, Brazil can rehearse opportunity of religion as per the most current constitution that was embraced in 1988. Brazil’s strict make-up can be followed to the differing gatherings of individuals who came in different structures †locals, intruders, foreigners, and slaves. As far as Christian religions, the fundamental places of worship in Brazil are: Catholic Protestant Methodist Episcopal Pentecostal Lutheran Baptist Its strict tendency is additionally very various, regardless of the way that around seventy five percent of the populace guarantee to be Roman Catholics. Truth be told, there are a bigger number of Catholics in Brazil than in some other nation on the planet. The Portu guese carried with them, not simply the language (thisâ medical tourismâ hub is the only country inSouth Americaâ not commanded by Spanish), yet additionally Roman Catholicism. Catholicism was acquainted with Brazil when the European pioneers showed up with the point of ‘civilising’ the nearby local individuals. They manufactured houses of worship and carried strict pioneers into the nation to show youthful and old the same the tenets of Catholicism. During the nineteenth century, Catholicism was made the official religion of Brazil. This implied Catholic clerics were paid a pay by the administration, remembering them for the political undertakings of the nation. All things considered, Catholicism turned into an essential piece of the administration and organization of Brazil and its kin. A considerable lot of the Brazilian celebrations depend on the Catholic religion. Protestantism is the second biggest branch in Brazil religion. The individuals who are Christian yet not Catholic are viewed as Protestant. Just about 15% of Brazilians guarantee to follow a Protestant confidence or some likeness thereof. There are numerous parts of Christianity in Brazil. Among them the most well known are Baptist, Methodist, Neo-Pentecostalists, Old Pentecostalists, Presbyterian, Anglican and Episcopal Churches. Other Protestant convictions and branches that make up littler parts of Christians are Kardecist, Lutherans. The biggest populace of Protestants are found in North, Central-West and Southeast Brazil. The Church Of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saintsâ is the third biggest Brazil religion. They brag a participation of more than one million one hundred thousand with just about 2,000 assemblages and 309 family ancestry focuses. Five sanctuaries are extended across Brazil. Jehovahs Witnessesâ is the fourth biggest religion in Brazil. They have more than 700,000 individuals. Eastern Orthodoxâ makes up the fifth biggest religion in the nation with more than 500,000 individuals that came over with their Armenian, Greek, Lebanese, Russian, Syrian and Ukrainian settlers in the previous one hundred years. At the point when the Portuguese arrived in Brazil, theâ countryâ was populated by native Indians who had their own customary strict practices. In the districts only north of Bahia, indigenous clans despite everything practice the Catimbo religion; a faction that is vigorously impacted by spirits, shamanism, and signs. At the point when African slaves started to be brought into Brazil, they carried with them their strict practices, huge numbers of which included conjuring the divine beings through serenades or moves. After some time, these Afro Brazilian strict practices started blending with Catholic and Protestant impacts to make manufactured religions. A portion of the more popular exponents include Candomble, which has an immense following in urban focuses like Rio de Janeiro, and Umbanda. Spiritism is likewise one of the critical, albeit minor, religions in Brazil. Spiritistic rehearses depend generally on antiquated Amerindian societies just as the impact of the African societies and customs that were presented hundreds of years prior, when slaves were brought over to Brazil from the ‘Dark Continent’ of Africa. Such clans and societies were especially disposed towards the love of spirits since they had not been affected by increasingly organized ideas of creation, which hailed from a dependence on the lessons of Bible. The religions or conviction frameworks found in Brazil other than the ones above include: * Muslims * Methodists * Episcopalians * Buddhists * Ayahuasca * Afro-Brazilian religions Xango, Batuque, Umbanda, Tambor de Mina * Hinduism * Islamists * Shinto devotees * Judaists * Rastafarian * Brazil Religion Makes the Country Unique Every piece of the nation has been exceptionally formed by the religion rehearsed there. Festivities, celebrations, conventions, and customs are totally drilled because of some strict or otherworldly beginnings and purposes. For instance, During the Holy Week before Easter, a few Brazilian urban areas will observe Corpus Christi by masterfully making mosaics or covers on the roads utilizing mediums like flour, blossom petals, shavings of wood, and espresso beans. The outcomes are dazzling and a paramount method to commend this heavenly season. The music, moving, reciting, singing, or different exercises all come from some confidence and make the individuals what their identity is. The whole culture of the Brazilian individuals is entwined with religion or confidence here and there. No big surprise theyre such an astounding, various, and magnificent individuals!

Christianity verses islam Essay

The mentalities of Christianity and Islam toward shippers and exchange are comparative yet unique. After some time Christian and Islamic perspectives towards the dealers and exchange have changed. The mentalities of Christianity and Islam toward shippers and brokers are comparative. A way that these two religions perspectives towards their shippers and exchange was that the two of them permitted being dealt with better under god simpler for vendors to accomplish on the off chance that they spoke the truth about what their exchange. In the Muslim Qur’an it states â€Å"On the day of judgment, the genuine, honest Muslim trader will take rank with the saints of the faith† (Doc 2). This announcement demonstrates that dealers could be dealt with better under god on the off chance that they were straightforward. Additionally in the Christian Bible, New Testament (Matthew) it states â€Å"It is simpler for a camel to experience the opening of a needle, than for a rich man t o go into the realm of god† (Doc 1). This implies it is simpler for the genuine shippers to enter the realm of god than the rich privileged Christians. With everything taken into account, the Christian and Islamic mentalities toward the vendors and exchange are comparable. Just as the perspectives of Christianity and Islam toward vendors and exchange being comparable they were extraordinary. A way that Christianity and Islam mentalities were various was that a few Christians believed that in the event that they parted with their cash earned to noble cause they would have the option to turn out to be nearer to God by serving him, yet in Islam they just idea that genuineness could get you closer to God. In The Life of St. Godric by Reginald it states â€Å"now he had lived sixteen years as a dealer, and suspected of spending on noble cause, to God’s respect and service† (Doc 3). In spite of the fact that this announcement demonstrates the distinction it might be inclination since it was composed by an associate of a dealer, this could imply that he was encountering things not the same as what they were truly expected to be by law. In the Qur’an it states â€Å"On the day of judgment, the genuine, honest Muslim vendor will take rank with the saints of the faith† (Doc 2). The announcements from these two works together demonstrate that the perspectives towards dealers and exchange were diverse among Christianity and Islam. After some time both Christianity and Islam mentalities towards vendors and tradeâ changed. Christianity began with the Christian shippers not offering with the dealers to offering with the merchants. Thomas Aquinas composed â€Å"the vender must not force upon the bidder† (Doc 4). Furthermore, this change was introduced when a letter was composed submitting a request for English fleece saying â€Å"with god consistently before us, we will complete your bidding† (Doc 6). Both these announcements could be predisposition because of the author, the principal quote from Aquinas could be inclination since he was a scholar which implies he contemplated divine beings thus he could have expounded more on what the holy book states and not what really occurred. At that point the letter was composed by a dealer which implies they could have had various encounters with exchange than different vendors. Islam began with their shippers waiting be straightforward and wound up with their dealers looking to make benefits and betting, and betting for more cash isn't extremely honest. The Qur’an it states â€Å"On the day of judgment, the genuine, honest Muslim trader will take rank with the saints of the faith† (Doc 2). Ibn Khaldun a main Muslim researcher composed â€Å"We have just expressed that brokers must purchase and sell and look for profits† and he composed â€Å"they go under the heading of gambling† (Doc 5). With everything taken into account both Christianity and Islamic mentalities toward vendors and exchange changed after some time. Taking everything into account Christianity and Islam had perspectives toward vendors and exchange that were comparative and extraordinary, and that the two religions mentalities changed after some time. A record that was absent that would have been useful would be an archive composed by Muslim or Christian traders in light of the fact that the reports that were composed by vendors were composed by British and Italian shippers.

Issues of grandparents raising grandchildren free essay sample

This paper investigates examine with respect to the effects on grandparents and grandkids when the grandparent expect the parental job in light of some sort of parental fail to work out. The articles find that the money related part of bringing grandkids up in your later years is very exorbitant also is the negative medical issues the pressure of the circumstance can cause. This paper primarily takes a gander at Baldocks (2007) investigate on the effects of each part of the new circumstance on the grandparents and grandkids. Baldock (2007) and the other research utilized for this paper all propose that there are various battles that the grandparents will suffer when raising their grandkids. Issues of Grandparents Raising Grandchildren The clichã © life of a grandparent is typically thought of as taking the grandkids to the zoo, preparing treats, and making makes. Grandparents are likewise around to impart their intelligence and encounters to the more youthful age, anyway in todays society the measure of grandparents taking in their grandkids because of an issue in the organic guardians lives has been on the expansion for a considerable length of time (Baldock, 2007, p. 70). This difference in job for the grandparents can have different effects on the grandparents as well as the grandkids too. There are numerous reasons with regards to why grandparents come into the circumstance where they have to take their grandkids into their consideration, for example, high school pregnancy, parental maltreatment, and parental medication and liquor misuse. Regardless of how the grandparents come into getting their grandkids every family have their own kinds of battles they should manage. Both the grandparents and grandkids can experience numerous budgetary, wellbeing, and conduct gives that can either bring the family out on top or hurt them, yet many are deciding to defeat the troubles and drive forward through them. Writing Review There are numerous difficulties in todays society with medications, liquor, and brutality, all which are only a couple of the reasons that numerous guardians become unfit to appropriately think about their youngsters. These and numerous different conditions are which have prompted â€Å"approximately 2.4 million grandparents [being] answerable for raising their grandkids, numerous in family units without the guardians present.† (Poehlmann et al., 2008, 165) The choice to attempt the duty of raising your grandkids is a major one to make, anyway ordinarily there is no choice to make in light of the fact that the youngsters would wind up in the child care framework on the off chance that it werent for the grandparents. In an examination finished in Australia about grandparent run homes, â€Å"of the 31,000 youngsters living with their grandparents, 28,700 childrens natural guardians lived elsewhere.† (Baldock, 2007, p. 71) This can make the strain of raising your grandkid considerably progressively troublesome as a result of the enthusiastic and money related weights it might cause. Wellbeing Quality of Custodial Grandparents There have been different examinations in which they have discovered that grandparents who deal with their grandkids have mental and physical parts of themselves that are in a disorder (Neely-Barnes, Graft, Washington, 2010, p. 87). The job of being a custodial grandparent is troublesome not just on the grounds that it is another circumstance which they have to conform to, however it can likewise cause physical and mental issues. The circumstance cause a great deal of new feelings and stressors that â€Å"numerous contemplates have reported raised paces of wretchedness, child rearing pressure, medical issue, and monetary hardship among custodial grandparents.† (Poehlmann et al., 2008, p. 168) Many grandparents are well in their sixtys thus â€Å"when the youngsters show up, grandparents are probably not going to be set up for the sensational and frequently abrupt changes brought about by spontaneous parenthood.† (Baldock, 2007, p. 73) The grandparents for the most part observe an expansion in wellbeing related issues since they are placed into a circumstance where they have to concentrate on the consideration of their grandkids which prompts the grandparents wellbeing and prosperity coming next and in which â€Å"custodial grandparents report more regrettable self-surveyed wellbeing than noncaregiving grandparents, especially in the regions of physical working, real agony, job working, social w orking, and general wellbeing perception.† (Neely-Barnes et al., 2010, p. 88) Not exclusively are the grandparents not having the option to appropriately keep up their own wellbeing, yet â€Å"among custodial grandparents, more significant levels of sorrow have been found among unmarried grandparents who were not working.† (p. 88) This new child rearing job that the grandparents are placed into additionally impacts their public activity; â€Å"in one investigation, half of custodial grandparents revealed that they felt detached from companions in their age bunch because of their providing care responsibilities.† (p. 88) Grandparents as a rule get a handle on worn by the measure of additional duties they have come to take on which can cause them to feel stressed when they thoroughly consider having a lot more long stretches of dealing with their grandkids. This sort of consistent stressing and stress can turn out to be a significant negative thing both for the grandparent and grandkid in light of the fact that â€Å"grandparents who are focused o n are bound to become depressed.† (Baldock, 2007, p. 73) Financials At the point when grandparents are placed into the circumstance of bringing their grandkids into their consideration, one of the most troublesome issues they need to manage is the money related part of bringing up the kids. The money related part of raising the grandkids can be so difficult to deal with in light of the fact that a considerable lot of the grandparents are more seasoned and even resigned which means constrained pay. â€Å"In around 33% of grandparent families (34%), one of the two grandparents were utilized, while 62% got an administration annuity, remittance or other advantage as their essential income.† (Baldock, 2007, p. 71) Children are costly to raise due to the additional dress, food, and home assets that are utilized. The grandparents are utilized to and alright with their present way of life and afterward when the unforeseen youthful grandkids are brought into the image this can make the once adequate salary transform into money related precariousness. Grandparents experiencing legitimate procedures can likewise be another explanation funds are placed into a dilemma when the need to take in your grandkids is required in light of the fact that â€Å"grandparents are ordinarily ineligible for lawful guide and thus face detriment in proceedings† (Baldock, 2007, p. 72). One way that is utilized to attempt to increase some kind of additional salary for the grandkids is by â€Å"formalising their child rearing job through lawful procedures [which] can be the main way grandparents can get to money related support.† (p. 72) The expense of accommodating their grandkids and the entirety of the court related methodology should have been done turns out to be such a weight, that â€Å"some grandparents have sold their homes to embrace legitimate proceedings.† (p. 72) Impacts on the Family The consequence of custodial grandparents impacts only the grandparents and grandkids, however the entire family. The strain of raising grandkids can be felt in the offspring of the grandparents â€Å"some felt angry that their folks vitality was going into raising their grandkids and their own kids passed up a relationship with their grandparents.† (Baldock, 2007, p. 72) In numerous families the explanation that the grandparents need to raise their grandkids is because of some kind of fixation from the birth guardians. This medication use can cause passionate and social issues in the grandparents and grandkids which can make the â€Å"grandparentsfeel accused or express an awareness of other's expectations for their own childrens tranquilize use.†(p. 73) Grandparents regularly feel just as there was something they could have done to forestall their childrens sedate maltreatment which thus would have forestalled the requirement for them to raise their grandkids. This sentiment of â€Å"blame and disgrace fuel social disconnection and increment mental uneasiness experienced by grandparents and their grandchildren.† (p. 73) The consequences for the grandkids of not having their parent or guardians around is hard to for them to adapt to in light of the fact that â€Å"children isolated from their folks in light of liquor and different medications regularly face mental, passionate and once in a while physical problems.† (Baldock, 2007, p. 71) According to Day and Bazemore (2011: kids living without their natural guardians regularly present with high paces of mental issues. However, by correlation, young people living with grandparent guardians have the most reduced degrees of both disguising issues (for example burdensome manifestations, negative standpoint, low confidence), and externalizing issues (for example peaceful wrongdoing, general rough propensities, and substance abuse.† (p. 103) Position I have direct involvement with the battles and issues that can emerge from a grandparent requiring their lives to be postponed and take in their grandkids so as to give them a cherishing and stable home. My folks are presently during the time spent embracing my two nephews whom they, just as myself, have dealt with since they were conceived. My sister is in a recovery program in Northern New Jersey for dependence on pills, cocaine, and heroin and has been in a difficult situation since her initial youngsters. Growing up the manner in which I did in light of the circumstances and conditions that my sister caused my family to suffer has indicated me exactly how troublesome and various the issues are when raising your grandkids. My mom is sixty years of age and my dad is sixty-two, both having some medical issues. Medical issues related with age can have a noteworthy effect on how the grandparents will be ready to act in their new job as parental figures on the grounds that numerous grandparents are more seasoned and their wellbeing is declining. Taking consideration

How to Manage ADHD Medication Rebound

How to Manage ADHD Medication Rebound ADHD Treatment Print How to Manage an ADHD Medication Rebound By Keath Low Keath Low, MA, is a therapist and clinical scientist with the Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities at the University of North Carolina. She specializes in treatment of ADD/ADHD. Learn about our editorial policy Keath Low Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on July 30, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on October 21, 2019 ADHD Overview Symptoms Causes Diagnosis Treatment Living With In Children Camille Tokerud/Getty Images Your child is doing well on ADHD medicationâ€"until it starts to wear off. Then, she suddenly develops a whole range of severe mood and behavior symptoms. If this sounds familiar, youre not alone. Your child is likely experiencing what is often referred to as medication rebound. A small percentage of children with ADHD do experience these rebound effects at the tail-end of their medication dosing. As the medicines effect wears off, people sometimes experience negative side effects such as a marked change in their demeanor, excessive moodiness, irritability, anger, nervousness, sadness, crying, fatigue, and even an increase in the severity of ADHD symptoms. The effects can be very impairing and troubling, and it is important to address this issue with the doctor so that it may be corrected. Rebound vs. Side Effects Medication rebound is not the same thing as a side effect. Side effects are negative reactions to the medication itself. A headache, stomach ache, or loss of appetite can all be side effects of ADHD medications, and in most cases, these become less of an issue over the course of the first weeks of medication. Rebound, however, is a result of the speed at which your particular child metabolizes the medication. Yes, she may be taking a four-hour pill, but thats an average duration of effectiveness. Your particular child may metabolize the medication more rapidly or slowly. If your child happens to have a fairly high metabolism, he may experience a quick drop off in medication effectiveness before its time for the next dose. Managing Side Effects of ADHD Medications The Negative Impacts of Medication Rebound Often, medication rebound occurs after school and before bedtime. It may result from the reality that there is no nurse available to remind your child that its time for medicationâ€"and, in many cases, parents are still at work or are distracted by the demands of dinner and other household chores. This is the period of time during which children tend to socialize and take part in after-school activities. Friendships and team memberships depend upon your childs ability to respond to a coachs instructions, collaborate with friends, or simply hang out and chat without taking over or giving offense. If medication rebound occurs at school, it can interfere with your childs sense of well-being as well as their educational, social, and personal success. How to Avoid Medication Rebound Talk to your childs doctor about your concerns. Rebound tends to occur more frequently with the shorter-acting stimulants that can move out of your childs system quickly. Sometimes doctors will add a very small dose of immediate-release medicine about an hour before this rebound effect occurs so that the transition off the medicine is smoother. For some people, the rebound effect is reduced in the longer-acting stimulants which move out of ones system more gradually. As always, good communication with the doctor is essential in correcting any negative side effects that are occurring with the medication, as well as monitoring overall treatment progress.

A Study On The Situation Of Muslims In The United Kingdom - 19250 Words

A Study On The Situation Of Muslims In The United Kingdom (Research Paper Sample) Content: Topic: Policing and Terrorism: A Study on the Situation of Muslims in the United Kingdom Contents Abstract 3Chapter I: Introduction .. 4 - 14 An Overview. 4Overview of changing forms of Terrorism and how Common Perception Developed to identity Terrorism as a specific community generated Crime . 6 Thesis Statement .. 8 Basic ideas regarding Human Rights ... 9 Objective, Purpose and Significance of the Study .. 14 Methodology 16 Chapter II- Literature Review .. 17 44 Relevance of the section in context of the topic ... 17Evolution of the International Human Rights as a Separate Legal Discipline and Expansion of the provision Freedom from Torture to protect relevance of Human Rights from all provisional aspects .. 18Freedom from torture and Protection from Policing and Arbitrary Counter Terrorism policies .. 28Globalization, Civil Society and Disparity among respective approaches contributing to rise of terrorism, also jeopardizing lives of common people 32Development of Civil Society ... 34The traits of Modern Democracy generated from Globalization .. 37Civil Society and Global Governance: The Challenges ... 39Chapter III Over Criminalization as an Effective Way of Policing 44 53Over Criminalization, Tendency to Dominate people with arbitrary Criminal Prosecution and Abundant Violation of Human Rights in the United States . 44Historical Evolution of the Over criminalization and evaluating responsibility of the Congress .. 46Over criminalization in the Modern Context .. 48Chapter IV-How Social Dominance develops Defiance, creating a fertile ground for terrorism and abuse of Human Rights from Post Structuralist Perspective .. 53 - 71 Idea of Power, Discipline and Punish.. 59 Governmentality . 63Chapter V- Conclusion and Finding Ways to Improve the Situation . 71 - 73References .. 74 - 78Policing and Terrorism: To what extent has counter terrorism impacted on human rights and radicalization?Abstract: Counter terrorism, as the most effective mea sure to fight against the evil of terrorism, has been adopted widely in the vast arena of international politics. While the issue of counter terrorism, idealistically encompasses a vast range of philosophical observation and scope to reflect reflective approaches to the problem, most of the nations interpret it as cultivation over means of armed security process and defend the ways of extreme violence in terms of more extreme violence. In addition to the situation, discriminative opinion of common people about their fellow counterparts considerably contributes in worsening the entire situation. While most of the nations focus over the plan to defend terrorism by application of force and keeping the mass under strict scrutiny of policing, in a social existence, people of a particular community also reflect discriminative attitude toward their fellow human beings. Cumulatively, the entire situation gives birth to social antagonism and development of hostile attitude on part of the opp ressed, prepares fertile ground for terrorism and finally abundant abuse of human rights due to conflict between terrorism and counter terrorism. This paper aims to reflect over how counter terrorism helps in germinating terrorism, how it encourages violation of human rights and possible steps that can be adopted to introduce betterment in such a crucial state of modern existence within the domain of international politics. Chapter I: Introduction An Overview: Since the very early dawn of human civilization the quintessential morals of humanity have suffered in the hands of their protectors, human beings, in different forms; however, in the process of such exploitation, random torture over weaker section of the society by their superior counterparts has always prevailed. Mass destruction, genocide, murder, exploitation and name of racism and religion and suppression over people of one community by the others in the name of so-called noble purpose to retain the latters respective e xistence as well as the blind obsession to elaborate respective communal supremacy in terms of culture, religion and social norms, are some of the most important forms that have always put proper nourishment or true appreciation of human rights at different points of human civilization both in explicit and implicit ways. An evaluation of humanity both from socio-cultural and religious perspectives would reveal that despite several appeals of social benevolence from every discipline of humanist studies and cultivation, abuse over basic rights of human existence has continued at an increasing rate. One of the main reasons that the anti-humanitarian forces always made desperate attempts to prevent humanity and the philosophy of universal brotherhood as driving forces of human civilization because encouragement of such benevolence and approach towards mutual coexistence would surely prevented them from churning out the self-centered benefits. Providing human rights with a strong foundat ion would lead human beings to unity and encourage them to fight against all forms of social, political or religious tyranny. Thus, great events of massacres, such as, Crusade, social anarchy aftermath the French Revolution, American Civil War, devastation of the World War I and II, Nazi Holocaust, violence during movement against Racism in America, and the genocides in Africa during 90s, clearly show that to which magnitude exploitation of anti-humanitarian forces can extend to restrict the scope and power of human rights from flourishing to the complete extent. An attempt to understand social construction of the early times would reveal that it was divided into numerous clans with different socio-cultural, religious and political approaches. What biologically defined as the quest for survival, fused with spontaneous aggression of human nature did drive one clan to dominate over others and at the same time the triumphant clan automatically would receive an automatic right to enjo y all the benefits and the dominated clan would remain deprived in every terms of enjoying human rights. Quite evidently, if this process continues for long, at certain point of time the dominated section of the society would revolt and empowered with their conjugal power, they would attempt to demand proper respect for their rights as human being, and if that demand would not be respected then they would make all attempts to snatch it away, resulting in fall of the tr...

Youth Gangs - 2071 Words

Jimmie Simpson University of Phoenix Although some may argue that gang activity and youth involvement has grown exponentially through the years, it has been an ongoing epidemic for decades. Methods, levels of violence, rules, and motivations may have changed over the years, but the basic infrastructure has remained the same. The earliest accounts of youth involvement in gangs first appeared in Europe or Mexico, while the earliest record of youth gangs appearing in the United States are recorded as early as 1783. In the early 1800’s youth gangs appeared to spread in New York, Boston, Philadelphia, and Chicago, in the form of poverty stricken Irish immigrants. Kids banded together and ran the streets stealing food and goods†¦show more content†¦In order to become a member of a gang, most gangs typically have new members â€Å"put on† by being beaten up by a large number of older members of the gang. After this, the new member must commit a crime and earn his stripes, either by robbing someone, bea ting someone up, or in other cases, shooting and killing someone. All members must prove themselves (Howell, 1998). To an outsider, it might seem crazy that a kid would want to join a gang, but to a poor inner-city kid who has very little, gangs provide a family like relationship for kids who feel they are all alone. They provide protection and respect that allows a young person to walk through his or her neighborhood and stay unharmed (Howell, 1998). Wherever there is one gang, there is always another who is it is at war with. All over the nation, gangs are constantly battling over money, drugs, territory, weapons, and respect. Over time, rules of the streets change. It is known that Blacks and Latinos have always had their differences, whether they belonged to a gang or not. So it goes without saying that Black and Latino gangs are also at war. However, there are battles within the Crip or Blood sets also. To an outsider it all seems so silly, but the inner workings of gangs are s imilar to any other business. They each have a territory, they hold meetings, members get disciplined for stepping out of line, and there is a hierarchy of positions and job descriptions. Although there are many reasons forShow MoreRelatedCauses Of Youth Gangs821 Words   |  4 PagesA gang is a group of people who associate closely, often exclusively, for social reasons. The issue of youth gangs has received considerable media, political and police attention in Australia in recent years. Young people like to belong to a peer group. Those who feel left out of social groups may end up joining a gang or just associating with an antisocial group of peers. Other reasons young people join gangs can be for example; protection, identity, fellowship and intimidation. Over 40% of gangRead MoreYouth Gangs In Canada886 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿ Youth gangs in Canada is becoming more and more of issue. Adolescents across Canada resort to joining youth gangs for many different reasons. A youth gang is a group of young adolescents who use intimidation and violence to gain prestige among other gangs and control certain areas of unlawful activities. For all the reasons an adolescent would join a youth gang, police and the Government have come up with programs to prevent youth from joining and to get them to leave the gangs. With programsRead More Youth Gangs Essay813 Words   |  4 Pages Youth gang related crime crime has been growing for years, but little data exists about the extent and precise nature of crimes committed by gang members. Gangs have been said to have committed many crimes such as drug smuggling, murder, and theft. Although many gang members have been known to do some of these things, there is no real evidence that they are gang related. Researchers found that the median age at which youths begin to hang out with gangs is approximately 13 years oldRead MoreLife Of A Gang : Youth853 Words   |  4 PagesLife in a Gang Youth are exposed to gang life at an early age, sometimes as early as 10 or 11 years old. Observing older and respected gang members can often lead to impressions among youth that lead them to believe gang life is the way to gain access to things such as status, money and prestige. Research states that older more established gang members will utilize youth to their advantage by having them steal for the gang, buy and sell drugs, carry weapons and commit other crimes in hopes to evadeRead MoreThe Rate Of Youth Gangs Essay1744 Words   |  7 Pagesone on one and I was not exposed to gangs back home. Since I was new to the country and my English was very bad, I was vulnerable to being bullied. In fact, I was bullied. I was tired of being a victim and was so interested in joining one of the gangs for protection. Then, I realized that these gangs were involved in all sort criminal activities which discouraged me from joining one of the gangs in school. In this paper, I will first discus s the rate of youth gangs and some of their contributions toRead MoreYouth Gangs Essay639 Words   |  3 Pagesbeginning a discussion or exploration of youth gangs, the longevity of the social problem becomes a reasonable starting point. Youth joining together and roaming the streets of London together in packs were described as early as 1830 in Charles Dickens’ Oliver Twist (Burnett, 1999). Before considering the current state of affairs with youth gangs, it first becomes important to focus attention on developing a concise understanding of what is meant by the term â€Å"youth gang.† Additionally, what are trendsRead MoreYouth Participation In Gangs Essay1141 Words   |  5 PagesYouth participation in gangs actually decreased from 1996 to 2004, but the violence within these gangs has not. Homicides committed by youth gang members still remain as a monumental problem across the United States of America. The Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention r eported in its 2004 survey of youth gangs that there were an estimated 760,000 gang members that year. Many of the kids affiliated with gangs come from lower income, single parent homes; therefore, the youths of AmericaRead MoreA Formal Description For A Youth Gang1503 Words   |  7 Pagesinto groups that society often refers to as gangs. It is accurate to say that gangs contribute immensely to crime and delinquency however, to say that this is the purpose of all gangs would be misleading. Gangs should instead be seen as existing on a continuum, some ranging from groups of peers who spend time together and may get into trouble, to others who participate in more serious crimes (Gorden, 2000, p. 4). In terms of a specific definition for a gang, there really is not one that has been fullyRead MoreSummary : Youth Gang And Violence1615 Words   |  7 Pages March 27, 2016 Analytic Essay Youth Gang and Violence Delinquent Behavior â€Å"Gang† â€Å"Youth Gang† and â€Å"Street Gang† are just labels used to describe young people consisting of three or more individuals organized to achieve a typical objective and who share a common identity. There is no single and universally accepted definition of gang, gang member and gang activities in the United States, however, the Federal Definition according to NationalRead MoreEssay about Youth Gangs2091 Words   |  9 Pagessocial epidemic among the youth of our nation. This social distress stems directly from the rising number of youth gangs throughout the country. Gang mentality and social deviance of this form has been noticed and documented in this country for decades. â€Å" Prior to the 1970’s, gang violence was still popularly associated with white ethnic enclaves in the cities of the Midwest and East, and gang incidents were typically brawls involving fists, sticks and knives. Today, gangs are made up largely of ethnic

The Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman - 999 Words

â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† is a story of a woman s psychological breakdown, which is shown through an imaginative conversation with the wallpaper. The relationship between the female narrator and the wallpaper reveals the inner condition of the narrator and also symbolically shows how women are oppressed in society. The story, read through a feminist lens, reflects a woman s struggle against the patriarchal power structure. In the â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†, Charlotte Perkins Gilman uses the wallpaper as a symbol of the social and economic repression of the 19th century woman and her struggle to free herself. The yellow wallpaper is interpreted as an expression of the narrator’s deteriorating mental state, the â€Å"pattern† of social and economic dependence, which reduces women to domestic slavery and as a symbol of regression or restraints. The story is set in an estate, which is isolated from the town. The estate is surrounded with protective hedges and the main gate is always kept locked. The narrator, who is a woman, thinks that the protective hedges and the locked gate have isolated the mansion from the whole world. In fact, she is isolated from everything. She focuses on the yellow wallpaper in the room in which she is kept. Despite her protests, she is forced to conform to her husband’s wishes. She does not want to stay there and she feels imprisoned. â€Å"†¦ the windows are barred for children, and there are rings and things in the walls†. Gilman, Charlotte Perkins. TheShow MoreRelatedThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman885 Words   |  4 Pagesbeen a stigma around mental illness and feminism. â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† was written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman in the 1900’s. â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† has many hidden truths within the story. The story was an embellished version her own struggle with what was most likely post-partum depression. As the story progre sses, one can see that she is not receiving proper treatment for her depression and thus it is getting worse. Gilman uses the wallpaper and what she sees in it to symbolize her desire to escapeRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman846 Words   |  4 PagesHumans are flawed individuals. Although flaws can be bad, people learn and grow from the mistakes made. Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s short story, â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†, gives one a true look at using flaws to help one grow. Gilman gives her reader’s a glimpse into what her life would have consisted of for a period of time in her life. Women were of little importance other than to clean the house and to reproduce. This story intertwines the reality of what the lives of woman who were considered toRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman1362 Words   |  6 Pagesas freaks. In the short story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, both of these ele ments are present. Gilman did a wonderful job portraying how women are not taken seriously and how lightly mental illnesses are taken. Gilman had, too, had firsthand experience with the physician in the story. Charlotte Perkins Gilman s believes that there really was no difference in means of way of thinking between men or women is strongly. â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† is a short story about a woman whoRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman1547 Words   |  7 PagesCharlotte Perkins Gilman s career as a leading feminists and social activist translated into her writing as did her personal life. Gilman s treatment for her severe depression and feelings of confinement in her marriage were paralleled by the narrator in her shorty story, The Yellow Wallpaper. Charlotte Perkins Gilman was born in 1860 in Hartford, Connecticut. Her parents, Mary Fitch Perkins and Fredrick Beecher Perkins, divorced in 1869. Her dad, a distinguished librarian and magazine editorRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman2032 Words   |  9 Pagesâ€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman is a poem about women facing unequal marriages, and women not being able to express themselves the way they want too. Charlotte Perkins Gilman was born in 1860, and died in 1935. This poem was written in 1892. When writing this poem, women really had no rights, they were like men’s property. So writing â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† during this time era, was quite shocking and altered society at the time. (Charlotte Perkins Gilman and the Feminization ofRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman904 Words   |  4 Pagescom/us/definiton/americaneglish/rest-cure?q=rest+cure). Charlotte Perkins Gilman wrote The Yellow Wallpaper as a reflection of series of events that happened in her own life. Women who fought the urge to be the typical stereotype were seen as having mental instabilities and were considered disobedient. The societal need for women to conform to the standards in the 1800s were very high. They were to cook, clean and teach their daughters how to take care of the men. Gilman grew up without her father and she vowedRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman Essay1208 Words   |  5 Pagesthat wallpaper as I did?† the woman behind the pattern was an image of herself. She has been the one â€Å"stooping and creeping.† The Yellow Wallpaper was written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman. In the story, three characters are introduced, Jane (the narrator), John, and Jennie. The Yellow Wallpaper is an ironic story that takes us inside the mind and emotions of a woman suffering a slow mental breakdown. The narrator begins to think that another woman is creeping around the room behind the wallpaper, attemptingRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman846 Words   |  4 PagesThe dignified journey of the admirable story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† created by Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s, gave the thought whether or not the outcome was influenced by female oppression and feminism. Female oppression and feminis t encouraged a series of women to have the freedom to oppose for their equal rights. Signified events in the story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† resulted of inequality justice for women. Charlotte Perkins Gilman gave the reader different literary analysis to join the unjustifiableRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman1704 Words   |  7 PagesEscaping The Yellow Wallpaper Charlotte Perkins Gilman (1860-1935) whom is most acclaimed for her short story The Yellow Wallpaper (1891) was a women’s author that was relatively revolutionary. Gilman makes an appalling picture of captivity and confinement in the short story, outlining a semi-personal photo of a young lady experiencing the rest cure treatment by her spouse, whom in addition to being her husband was also her therapist. Gilman misused the rest cure in The Yellow Wallpaper to alarm otherRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman948 Words   |  4 Pagesthis and in ways that lead them to depression, anxiety, who knows what else. In the story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman the main character, Jane, faces those terrible things that eventually lead her to becoming insane. The traits that make up who Jane is, provides the readers with the importance of her identity throughout the story and they also make up the context of â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaperà ¢â‚¬ . Trying to free herself from her nervous depression, Jane is propelled into insanity. The

Paradise Lost By John Milton Essay - 1387 Words

Eve in Paradise Lost In the visions of Western world and civilization, the descend of mankind from the Garden of Eden serves as the prominent, underlying story of the formulation of existence. In 1667, in the seventeenth century, author John Milton recasts the creation story in an epic form of poetry consisting of ten books with over ten thousand lines of verse, in order to conspicuously portray the characters and their actions that lead to the Fall of Mankind. In both Paradise Lost and the Bible, the blame for the banishment of mankind from the Garden of Eden is placed on Eve for falling into the seducing of Satan. Throughout his epic work, Milton conveys Eve s advancement from an autonomous woman to a more reliant woman to portray that women are not essentially conceived as acquiescent beings. Eve is compelled into assent due to the patriarchal environment she is surrounded by, therefore attributing it and allowing her to develop into a women. Paradise Lost conceives Eve as more than solely the mother of humankind and the wife of Adam. Milton s emendation of Eve in a biblical sense alters the character from fixed as portrayed in the Bible to a more dynamic person in Paradise Lost. In doing so, Milton portrays to the reader a different and originally a more favorable perspective of Eve and her character. Conveyed through the Book of Genesis, in the Old Testament of the Bible, Eve is purely Adam s wife who eats from the tree that God appointed as forbidden. SheShow MoreRelatedParadise Lost By John Milton1266 Words   |  6 Pages John Milton was said to be a devout Christian who took a broad and bold stance in many of his works in depicting the Bible in one way or the other. Some of these works are Samson Agonistes, Paradise Regained, On the Morning of Christ’s Nativity, and most famously known, Paradise Lost. Paradise Lost tells of the fall of mankind through Adam and Eve, very similar to the story that is in the Bible. This epic poem embodies many different stories and i magery taken from the Bible several times. John MiltonRead MoreParadise Lost By John Milton1947 Words   |  8 PagesParadise Lost was written by John Milton in an effort to explain why, and how, the Fall of Man occurred; but he does this not by reiterating the biblical Genesis story, but by providing readers with an imaginative and poetic re-creation of the story. He is able to retell the story, â€Å"Fall of Man,† while also expressing his own perspective and personal truths through the characters. Milton also seems to meet most, if not all, of the epic poem conventions, with this epic, consisting of over ten thousandRead MoreParadise Lost By John Milton997 Words   |  4 PagesIn John Milton’s poem, Paradise Lost, written out were twelve books that mainly focused on Adam and Eve. The plot essentially focuses on the defiance that Adam and Eve have created due to Satan’s persuasive manner to destroy humankind. In book four, Milton introduces the creation of m an. The Bible states, â€Å"the LORD God formed the man of dust from the ground† (The Holy Bible (ESV), Genesis. 2.7). The name of God’s creation is Adam. After contemplation, God realizes man shall not be alone. This isRead MoreParadise Lost by John Milton828 Words   |  3 PagesWritten at the heart of the Enlightenment John Milton’s epic poem, Paradise Lost, illustrates some of the impacts that the key principles of the controversial time. Paradise Lost, unlike the King James Bible, shows logical thinking, complexity, and true love in Adam and Eve. This gives the reader more of an idea of how he tries to justify God’s ways to men. In doing this John Milton shows the reader that Adam and Eve should be held most responsible for the fall of mankind, because God created themRead MoreParadise Lost By John Milton853 Words   |  4 PagesAt first glance, Paradise Lost by John Milton can easily give the impression that this classic piece of literature is a c ut copy of the Book of Genesis. Contrary to that notion, Milton’s retelling of the story of the fall of man differs from the western idealized Old Testament in many ways. Throughout the 10,000 lines of the poem, Milton characterizes Adam, Eve, and Satan [Lucifer] with vivid, well thought out dialogue. Overall, Milton’s reimplementation of the archetypal text of the Book of GenesisRead MoreParadise Lost By John Milton2091 Words   |  9 PagesParadise Lost by John Milton Paradise Lost by John Milton John Milton divided the characters in his epic poem Paradise Lost into two sides, one side under God representing good, and the other side under Satan representing evil and sin. Milton first introduced the reader to the character Satan, the representative of all evil, and his allegiance of fallen angels that aided in his revolt against God (Milton 35). Only later did Milton introduce the reader to all powerful God, leader and creator ofRead MoreParadise Lost By John Milton2137 Words   |  9 Pagessaid that the â€Å"paradise† that was lost in Paradise Lost was the equality of man and woman. In John Milton’s, Paradise Lost, Milton gives a fictional, inside look of the fall from grace. He explains the events that led up to the fall, the thoughts and inner workings of God and Satan, and the crumbling of Adam and Eve and their seemingly perfect relationship. Milton proves how Adam’s blind devotion and Eve’s uncertainty of her own self cause humanity to fall. In doing so, Paradise Lost has challengedRead MoreParadise Lost by John Milton1447 Words   |  6 Pagesas inferior to men, Milton’s Paradise Lost presents a view of women that could be described as proto-feminist and advanced for its time. During the 17th century, the stereotypical women lived as â€Å"either obedient as ‘Milton Mother’ or disobedient and wanton if they neglect[ed] their responsibilities as wife, which [signified] submissiveness and motherhood† (qtd. in Wang 4). Some scholars argue that Milton used this predominant viewpoint of his time in Paradise Lost; Sandra Gilbert (1978) writesRead MoreParadise Lost By John Milton970 Words   |  4 PagesParadise Lost, a book by John Milton describes the fall of angels, defeat of Satan and the story of Adam and Eve. It portrays the power craving Satan and how his rebellion and negligence and disobedience to God, not only lead to his fall and defeat but also the fall of humans and the reason behi nd Eve eating the apple, and exiting paradise. In Paradise Lost, Satan displays many qualities throughout the book; however, the outstanding quality that accounted for his defeat was his excessive arroganceRead MoreJohn Milton s Paradise Lost 1328 Words   |  6 PagesRobert Mezian Professor Mylander English 589 14 November 2016 Paradise Lost Essay In his epic poem titled Paradise Lost, John Milton describes his work as a process to justify â€Å"the ways of God to men†. In terms of the personal and individual, Milton’s main concern was between a man’s relationship and God. With this, comes the very idea of free will itself. One can define free will as the ability and freedom to choose between different possible courses of action. Not only is free will portrayed in

Can Ethics Be Taught - 1626 Words

What are ethics? Ethics are the set beliefs and values of an individual which they apply to circumstances relating to morality. To act in an ‘ethical’ manner, an individual must display integrity by doing what they believe to be right. When working within any professional body, an individual will be subjected to circumstances in which personal ethics will come into play. The Accounting profession is no different as ethical questions arise as part of any working day and can effect how an individual or the company conducts business. These questions can vary greatly in practice from selection of new customers to the rates at which those clients are going to be charged. These ethical questions are raised regularly within the workplace and†¦show more content†¦This suggests that the teaching of accounting morality could link in with the morality of the individual to create a better understanding of ethics within the field of accounts. This course gives the accountants involved a clear view of what is acceptable practice for an ethical company and removes any doubts or misconceptions that they may have which could ultimately lead to a scandal. With the business world growing exponentially, the values within this cut-throat sector will be very different to those of the profession 50 years ago. Nowadays, employees are taught to be ruthless in order to make themselves or the company number one. This gives the employees a cover to hide behind when it comes to ethics. Personal ethics and beliefs may be intentionally removed by individuals when entering the workplace as they believe that these may hold them back. Therefore by teaching the fact that the accounting profession needs people to rely on their own personal ethics as well as a general set of ethical guidelines, they can greatly reduce the amount of accounting scandals and raise the profile of the profession. Courses on ethics can therefore be seen to raise awareness of ethical issues or to provide certain guidelines to those who are unsure. However, individuals with a strong set of principles would not find these coursesShow MoreRelatedCan Business Ethics Be Taught?1024 Words   |  5 PagesCan business ethics be taught? Business Ethics can be defined as the study and evaluation of decision making by businesses according to moral concepts and judgments. Ethical issues range from a company’s obligation to be honest with its customers to a company’s responsibility to preserve the environment and protect employee rights. Ethics includes the need to produce a reasonable profit for the company’s shareholders with honesty in business practices, safety in the workplace, and larger environmentalRead MoreCan Ethics Be Taught? Essay examples1615 Words   |  7 PagesWhat are ethics? Ethics are the set beliefs and values of an individual which they apply to circumstances relating to morality. To act in an ‘ethical’ manner, an individual must display integrity by doing what they believe to be right. When working within any professional body, an individual will be subjected to circumstances in which personal ethics will come into play. The Accounting profession is no different as ethical questions arise as part of any working day and can effect how an individualRead MoreImplementing an Applied Ethics Course at The University of Tampa1506 Words   |  6 PagesWhen pursuing a college degree, ethics is tailored to the course being taught, i.e. Accounting, Finance, and Economics to name a few. Ethics does not appear to be offered as a separate required course for all disciplines, which raises such questions as, is there a need for an ethics course? Do students know enough about ethics for ethical thinking and action? Ethics encompasses a set of principles, philosophy, or theory relating to principles. Knowing how to best resolve difficult ethical dilemmasRead MoreEthics And Principles Of Ethics991 Words   |  4 Pages Ethics is a system basic moral principals and concepts of civilized human conduct. it helps us develop ideas about what is moral, right from wrong and dictates of conscience. Ethics also helps to distinguish between honest and dishonest characteristics in people. In business, ethics is something that is essential to one’s moral compass. It is something that is taught through the child rearing process and into a child’s formative years. Ethics requires knowledge. Fundamentally this suggests thatRead MoreEssay on Teaching Morals and Ethics in Public Schools1108 Words   |  5 PagesMorals and Ethics in Public Schools I find myself disagreeing with Kozol and his statement that schools should be an institution where morals can be taught and developed. It is my belief that schools should not be held responsible for instilling morals and ethics into the minds of Americas children. Of course, it is true that schools should instill and reinforce morals that are part of our everyday existence. Those of the Golden Rule, as well as the wrongs of death and destruction can be, notRead MoreEssay on Public Schools Should Teach Morals and Ethics700 Words   |  3 PagesPublic Schools Should Teach Morals and Ethics Jonathon Kozol writes, Public schools in the U.S. do not exist to educate an ethical human being†¦Schools do exist to educate defeated, unprovocative, well-balanced human beings†¦. This statement is certainly true, but should public schools be required to teach students ethics and morality? I would argue that an education devoid of ethics and morals is detrimental to our society. Scholar Joao Coutinho writes in the Harvard Educational Review, EducationRead More Personal Ethics Development Essay1074 Words   |  5 Pagesdefine the ethical system used to best develop a person, discuss the potential effect that can become beneficial to the corporate environment and explain why organizations need ethics within the company. Ethical System Born into a single parent family character, values, and ethics became a part of life in the hope of becoming the best person possible in society. Mother thought that character, values, and ethics could keep her children on the right path when she was unable to be there. These skillsRead More An Ethical Responsibility Essays1130 Words   |  5 PagesAn Ethical Responsibility Ethics and morals, two of the most important traits in an educated human being, are interestingly not taught by schools. Ethics is defined, in Websters Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary, as the discipline dealing with what is good and what is bad. Morals are defined in the same dicitonary as those principles of right and wrong in behavior. For Jonathan Kozol, in The Night Is Dark And I Am Far From Home, ethics and morals have similar meanings but extend to include a senseRead More Engineering Ethics Essay1653 Words   |  7 Pagesof professional conduct as set out by major engineering codes of ethics, or if they should think autonomously about moral issues. The speaker in the essay question suggest that the former argument is correct, and that engineering courses should have the goal of teaching students to master the standards set out by codes of ethics as following these is what engineering ethics consists of. This means that students should be taught that instead of making their own decisions about moral issues, theyRead MorePersonal Ethics Paper1160 Words   |  5 PagesPersonal Ethics Statement According to Guido, ethics is the branch of philosophy concerned with the evaluation of human action. A broader definition would be that ethics involves the principles or assumptions underpinning the way individuals or groups ought to conduct themselves. In today’s continuous changing world, the one thing that remains constant for most of us is our personal value system of beliefs, known as ethics. Ethics can also be referred to as morals. Therefore, ethics are those

Beetlejuice Screenwrite Free Essays

The beginning of the film starts out with a camera overlooking the whole town of which this movie is going to take place. As the credits end, the camera ends up focused on a large house on a hill. You can clearly tell that the house is made up of some sort of material, but it was used as a way to introduce one of the main characters. We will write a custom essay sample on Beetlejuice Screenwrite or any similar topic only for you Order Now A spider crawls up on top of the model house and in comes Adam. The first thing he does is carelessly pick up this massive spider as if it where one of his pets and carries it to a window where he releases it. Right off the bat you could tell hat this man is kind to nature and very gentle with the way he handled the spider. In comes his wife, Barbara, who is filled with Joy and love. Their mutual understanding of each other makes them love each other more and more. They both hear something come from outside and realize that it is a house bidder trying to sell their home to people that are more â€Å"deserving† of it. This house bidder assumes that because Just two people are living in a large home by themselves that it is irrational for them to agree to sell it. The one thing that both Adam and Barbara share is their eagerness to keep their home. The couple denies the house bidder and then drives into town to pick up some supplies. Looking at the surrounding environment makes it obvious that Adam and Barber’s home is the focal point of the town. Adam leaves his car to go in the store to get the supplies, when he realizes that the clerk isn’t at the front desk he takes money out of his pocket and puts it into the cash register himself. This again, exemplifies the honesty of this man. On the drive back home, they see a dog in the road and Barbara quickly swerves off the road crashing into a wooden bridge that is completely unstable. Their car ends up falling into a river and the scene cuts. They end up back at their house but do not realize how they got there. After very bizarre things occur to them, they start to question what has happened. They find a book titled â€Å"book for the Deceased† and realize that they have in fact died. The first conflict comes into play when they are trying to adjust or figure out why they cannot step out of their own house. The character Betelgeuse is introduced and although we do not get a full view of him we figure out what type of character he is. Betelgeuse is a ruthless and mean person. He seems like the type that has no problem in taking advantage of you. From the start, you can foreshadow that this character will be a conflict of interest later on in the film. The movie then switches to the new family that has began to move into the now vacant house. The door to the house slams open and large amounts of furniture are being moved in. It’s as if the writer of this movie wanted the audience to feel like the house was being torn down and re-done from the ground up. First is Delia, who is a red haired woman, and the first impression is that she is a stuck up, conceited, but neat and tidy person. She takes pride in her pieces of artwork even though they’re clearly not well done. Then there is her husband Charles, who is the influential and uptight dad that is searching for seamlessly deserving relaxation. The Daughter is introduced as a disturbed and rebellious gothic girl. You could tell by the way she admires the houses cob webs and are ghosts living in her new home. Deli’s assistant, is a very feminine character that is oblivious and careless with his actions. He acts as a big shot and talks like one too. Both Delia and her assistant share a mutual outlook with how things should be. When Barbara and Adam realize that new people have moved into their house they come furious and want to drive them out. This is another conflict introduced in the movie and it depicts the click © of ghosts trying to haunt people. Adam and Barbara try scaring the new house owners but realize they aren’t doing a good Job at it. The ignorance these two characters have pushes them to learn more about who they are and the new abilities they have as Ghosts. The way this screenwriter set up the characters along with the conflicts really creates a good buildup, thus making the movie more enjoyable and fun. There are multiple conflicts, which make the viewer wonder how each one of them is going to be resolved. How to cite Beetlejuice Screenwrite, Papers

Quality Management Worldwide Total Quality Management free essay sample

For more than four decades after independence the companies in India enjoyed a protected market with virtually no competition, and some of them even monopolised the market, with customers having little or no choice. As a result complacency set in, and no pressure existed for improvement or change. However, the policy of globalization and liberalization adopted by the Indian Government five years ago, has hrown open new avenues and challenges to companies in India. The new policy has resulted in open doors through which global corporate players have entered the Indian markets, and are threatening the domestic manufacturers and suppliers, using quality as a weapon. This has compelled the managers of local companies to look for those tools and techniques, proven and tested, which would help them to maintain and improve their strategies and positions in the market. One such policy or philosophy that has captured the attention of industry and the business community is TQM. Particularly, in the recent years TQM is even regarded as bsolutely essential for growth, stability, and prosperity. This paper has the main intention of presenting an overview of TQMs progress in the country, starting from its initiation to its current status. Besides, the paper also describes how the organizational attempts by various agencies enabled the establishment of a TQM culture. Further, these attempts are presented in a chronological order, to appreciate the role played by various agencies, which resulted in growth and propagation of TQM in India. Towards the end, the gaps that still exist and hence the efforts that eed to be channeled are pointed out, so as to result in appropriate guidelines about the work to be done. The author R. Jagadeesh is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering, S. J. College of Engineering, Mysore, India. Keywords TQM, India, Quality Abstract Total quality management (TQM) has spread its wings in every sphere of the global corporate world and Indian companies are no exception. In this paper, first the growth and spread ofTQM in India is traced from its initiation to current status. Further, the paper has tried to identify the causes for poor quality of products and ervice, and the gaps that exist between the expectations and the outcome after adopting the TQM practices. Later a critical view of the quality scene in India is presented, and finally, based on these observations suitable guidelines and recommendations are made to bridge this gap. It is concluded that there is still a long way to go for Indian companies to receive the stamp of acceptance for their products at international level. Electronic access The current issue and full text archive of this Journal is available at http://www. emerald-library. com are synonymous with high quality products and trust worthiness. However, the post- independent era did not witness any spectacular improvement regarding the quality of goods and services produced in the country. According to Agrawal (1993) due to protected business environment many positive attributes of the Indian industry have been lost and weaknesses have surfaced. These weaknesses based on the study are: lack of trust and credibility in the working system, lack of clarity/seriousness for achieving target, lack of precise observance of rules and norms, low quality of supplies and components, lack of consciousness of time as money, viewing only short term benefits ahead of long term oals, politicalization of labor unions, lack of accountability for actions, lack of management commitment, lack of national quality policy, inadequate economic resources, lack of indigenous technology, inadequate infrastructure, preferring quantity to quality, lack of team spirit, cartel formation, and sellers market. Besides, lack of consumerism, Government control on everything, bureaucratic delays, quick profit making attitudes by the companies, all resulted in quality getting a low priority and consequently Indian products were constrained to serve only the domestic market being not able to compete in the international markets. Further, the factors mentioned before, clearly proved to be obstacles in the path to progress, and India in spite of possessing good resources and rich scientific and technical manpower, could not produce world-class products acceptable in the international markets. The TQM movement in India The TQM initiatives were first set by the Confederation of Indian Industries (Cll) in the early 1980s, in its pioneering effort in promoting awareness about quality among Indian industries. The work done by Cll in this direction is well documented in Deccan Herald Advertising Feature (1993) and also in The Standards Engineer (1996). In 1982, quality circles took birth in India, and some of the companies to launch quality circles first were Bharat Electronics Limited, Bangalore, and Bharat Heavvy Electricals Limited, Trichy. In 1986 the Cll then known as CEI (Confederation of Engineering Industries), invited Professor Ishikawa to India, to address industry people about quality. Later in 1987, a TQM division was set up by the Cll. This division owes its foundation to 21 companies who agreed to support the cause by pooling resources and pledging to start the Journey to TQM. Chief executives of these companies formed the National Committee on Quality, 22 Total quality management in India Ð’Â ± perspective and analysis R. Jagadeesh The TQM Magazine Volume 1 1 . Number 5. 1999 . 321Ð’Â ±327 newsletter on quality. In 1987 and 1988, the Cll invited the Juran Institute to India to conduct three training workshops, and then in 1989 a team from India attended the Deming Seminar in London. Study teams organized by the Cll were taken to Japan and the USA to study quality practices. During 1990, the Cll consolidated and focused on training, and in February 1991, an Indian company with the assistance of the Cll, obtained the first ISO 9000 certification in India. The Cll organized the launch of the National Quality Campaign led by the Prime Minister of India in May 1992. It is around this time, the process of globalization and liberalization was started in the country, bringing a new dimension to the business and industrial sectors. From then on, a new line of thinking in terms of quality, productivity, and competitiveness has begun. Since 1993, the Cll has been organizing The Quality Summit every year. This provides an opportunity for all business leaders, and higher level managers of member and non-member organizations of the Cll to network, learn, and contribute hrough experience sharing, and listening to the experts who gather there. The National Productivity Council (NPC) has set up a TQM and Benchmarking Division in New Delhi, and offers TQM implementation services, which include modular training programs and consultancy services. In 1996, the Government of India announced the setting up of the Quality Council of India, (QCI) with the Industry Ministry bringing in half the seed capital of Rs. 1. 5 crores. The rest of the seed capital will be contributed by the corporate sector. The setting up of a national agency for quality certification is art of the World Trade Organization (WTO) agreements, under which member countries will not trade in non-certified products two years down the line. The corporate sector too was demanding the setting up of an internationally recognized quality council as it found the certification process from foreign agencies too expensive. Besides, it would save vital foreign exchange for the country. The QCI will be entrusted with monitoring and administering of the National Quality Campaign and will also oversee the effective functioning of the National Information and Enquiry Services. Post-liberalization scene Ð’Â ± improvement in quality The economic reforms that started in 1992 have ushered in a new era of progress and prosperity in the country. According to a report published in YoJana (1997), the real gross domestic product (GDP) recorded a growth rate of 6. 8 per cent in agriculture and allied sectors, 7. 0 per cent in industry, and 7. 4 per cent in services. The Eighth Five Year Plan (EFYP) (1992-97) which ended with an average growth rate of 6. 5 per cent per annum, compares well with the target rate of 5. 6 per cent for the EFYP, and actual achievement of 6. 0 per cent in the Seventh Five Year Plan. In fact his is the highest average growth rate achieved in the planning period since 1951. The sectoral average growth rates for the period 1992-97 are: Agriculture and allied sectors Ð’Â ± 4. 0 per cent, Industry Ð’Â ± 7. 8 per cent and, Services Ð’Â ± 9. 2 per cent. Further, exports during 1996-97 registered a growth rate of 4. 1 per cent. For eign direct investment amounted to US $2,696 million during 1996-97. These facts clearly indicate that the economic reforms brought through globalization and liberalization have yielded rich dividends, and hold a lot of promise for the coming years. While all ndividually to improve their product quality, besides overall performance through TQM practices. For example, Gupta and Sagar (1993) describe a case of total quality control in an engineering company through the extensive use of personal computers, and state that the Indian company was able to overcome many quality related problems which included: high rejection levels, slow inspection rates, frequent errors in measurement, inconsistency in interpreting inspection data, time consuming data storage and retrieval, rigid inspection schedules, not responding to changing environment, and quality plans not adjusted to varying batch sizes. The company improved the problem solving capacity through quality circles, and quality database at each stage. Comprehensive information systems enabled the personnel to obtain better guidance leading to improved decision making. Thus the success is attributed to systematic application of TQM. 323 The TQM Magazine volume 11 . Number 5 . 1999 . 321Ð’Â ±327 Business Today (1995) in an exclusive coverage on status of quality of India, presents a detailed report on companies which are market leaders and corporate giants. The cases covered include reports on leading Indian companies like Mukand, BPL, Arvind, IFB, ABB, HDFC, Amex, Hidustan Lever, Ranbaxy, Indal, Gujarat AmbuJa, Wsya Bank, Oberoi Hotels, and Thermax. It is emphasized that these companies carved a niche for themselves by focusing on quality in their planning, operations, and marketing strategies. Awareness of quality Ð’Â ± a positive change Pati and Reis (1996) state that India is emerging as a leading economy in the new world economic order. The phenomenal increase in Indias export earnings, which rose to IJS$ 26. 2 billion in the 1994-95 fiscal year showed an increase of 18. 27 per cent over its 1993-94 export earnings of IJS$22. 7 billion. This is said to be an indicator of how its products and services are perceived by its global customers. It is further stated that the thrust has been shifted from import substitution to development of an export-oriented economy. Other pertinent observations made are: . Indian businesses are pursuing paths of superior quality and high productivity; . quality conscious consumerism; . increasing competition; . industries expanding their domestic share and venturing into global markets; . significant rise in the ISO 9000 certified companies. The survey conducted by Pati and Reis (1996) has further revealed many interesting aspects bout quality practices in India. The survey questionnaire has used a five-point Likert interval to capture the strength of perception, where points 1 (very high), 2 (high), 3 (medium), 4 (low), and 5 (very low) indicate the degree of current practice related to quality. The critical success factors contributing to quality and overall average scores (3. 43); . role of quality department/personnel (3. 14); . training (3. 69); . product/service design (2. 91); . supplier quality management (2. 6); process management and operating procedures (2. 74); quality data reporting (2. 72); employee relations (2. 2). It is concluded from the survey that the manufacturing sector in India is well aware of importance of quality, and efforts have been channeled to improve product quality. However, the service sector mostly Government owned and operated, lags behind the manufacturing sector in all aspects that i mply quality. TQM Ð’Â ± success stories of Indian companies Many Indian companies are beginning to realize that customer focus is an absolute requirement of TQM. Jain (1996), while writing on TQM in India, states that companies are paying closer attention to consumer feedback in order to tailor roducts to meet customer needs and are using a wide variety of methods that include benchmarking with rival products, regular customer meetings, and even engaging market research companies to collect consumer feedback on their product range and after sales service. Two specific cases are worth mentioning. Escorts Limited, an automobile manufacturing company, based on the feedback from customers and dealers, changed the delivery route to ensure safe and quick delivery. Similarly, J. K. Synthetics, based on feed back from customer meetings, focused on standardization of quality parameters, and started after-sales service. This resulted in the sales rise from 220 tonnes in first quarter of 1995 to 632 tonnes in the last quarter of the same year, an impressive growth in the sales by three times the previous value. According to a report published in Business Today (1998), some Indian companies are being guided by Yoshikazu Tsuda, a counselor at JUSE (Union of Japanese Scientists and Engineers) in their quest for total quality. Some of these companies are Sona Steering, Jai Bharat Maruti, GKN Invel, Asahi Float Glass, Brakes India, Lucas TVS, India Pistons, and India Piston Rings. Further, as stated in The Economic Times (1998), sixsigma technique, which is considered to be a classic TQM technique, is being practiced by several Indian companies notable among 324 significant achievement by an Indian company due to its practicing TQM principles is reported by Sridharan (1998a). The Indian company Sundaram Fasteners located near Chennai, India, has received the Best of Best Vendors Award consecutively for two years during 1996 and 1997, for its supply of metal radiator caps to General Motors, USA. The award was given to the company for its consistent zero defects rate, 100 percent reliability in delivery schedules, and lowest price. The company is the only supplier to General Motors, USA from India out of its 3,000 supplier companies scattered all over the globe. In an exclusive interview covered by Premchander (1996), the managing director of Asea Brown Boveri Ltd (a partly owned subsidiary of Asea Brown Boveri Limited, Zurich) one of the very successfully operating multi-national companies in India, has stated that the managers have to spend time and resources on TQM. A historical achievement by an Indian company winning the coveted Deming Prize for Overseas Companies, for successful implementation of TQM, is reported by Sridharan (1998b). The Indian company Sundaram Clayton, has successfully turned its people into quality practitioners by the actual deployment of TQM tools, techniques, and systems. 38 Ð’Â ± time to market; 22 Ð’Â ± corporate credibility. Indian quality scene Ð’Â ± a critical view The developments related to Indian companies, concerning quality of products and services, need to be examined on a comparative global scale. This would enable judgement of the progress made in improving quality. A survey made in 1994 in which products and services from 41 countries were ranked by World Competitiveness Report indicates that the quality of Indian products and services is isappointing. According to the summary of results given in Skaria (1995), Indias rank based on different quality parameters is as follows (the rank out of 41 is given followed by the parameter): . 39Ð’Â ± price to quality; . 38 Ð’Â ± practice ofTQM; . 40Ð’Â ± customer orientation; . 28 Ð’Â ± product liability; . 39 Ð’Â ± time to innovate; The report clearly suggested that on a global scale, Indian products and services are far from satisfactory, and have a poor image. This is a major cause of worry for the corporate managers particularly for those looking for new markets, and ventures with oreign collaborators. One commonly quoted reason for getting away with low quality in India, is lack of pressure from consumers. Many managers are of the opinion that unless the customers are aware of their right to demand high quality, and insist on companies to invest in quality, they continue to receive poor quality products. While the growth and spread of quality practices are slow in India, TQM has firmly seated itself in other Asiatic countries. In a cover feature on Quality in Asia reported in World Executive Digest (1996), it is stated that as Asia grapples with the challenge of lobalization, more and more companies seek ISO 9000 certification and adopt TQM. Companies in Hong Kong, Taiwan, Malaysia, Singapore, and China are overtly involved in embracing practices of total quality to march ahead in global markets. According to The Economic Intelligence Unit (1996), which surveyed companies in Hong Kong on issues in the region. The growth of TQM across Asia however means that new approaches are being developed in the region. These observations clearly suggest that India has to carefully watch the developments in the Asiatic region, as TQM principles have been successfully applied by several countries improving their utput quality, attracting more foreign investment, and hence capable of restricting Indias share in the global market. What the quality experts say In spite of the hype created by the ISO 9000 bandwagon, which today has more than 1,500 companies certified as such, quality is yet to emerge as a major strength of Indian products. Managers of Indian companies have still a lot to learn and implement in the image building process based on quality. This is perhaps aptly summarized by a statement made by Philip Crosby as reported in The Times of India (1997). While addressing a 325 ews conference at the end of his weeklong visit to India, Crosby has said that complacency is a major problem with the Indian management system. The managers of Indian industries should take this seriously. In an interview published in Business India (1997-98) James Harrington, a leading authority in the field of quality, has stated that India still has four types of companies: those with poor performance, with good performance, with better performance, and with outstanding performance. Harrington remarks that companies with poor performance went bankrupt in other parts of the world, while those with good performance would follow them. But those with better performance will survive and those with outstanding performance would explode into the twentyflrst century. This indicates that India still has scope for bad products, and bad performance, which need to be immediately curbed. It is pointed out by Sukumar (1998) that TQM continues to baffle corporate India, as evident by the different interpretations made by each person in the industry about what is TQM. It was observed during the Sixth Quality Summit organized by the Cll in New Delhi, that TQM means anything and everything depending on the individuals perspective, politics, and paradigms. During the summit as many as nine different definitions were presented by the speakers about what constitutes TQM. This means people in the corporate sector have no consensus about the concept of TQM and it could be a deterrent in its implementation. In another survey conducted by Arun et al. (1998) with regard to ISO certified companies interesting observations were made about implementing TQM in a company. Out of 17 companies that were surveyed, managers in seven companies said that though they believe in TQM they do not know how to implement it. The survey further revealed that the long term supplier elationship, an essential ingredient for successful implementation of TQM, has not the implementation of TQM were found to be: continued dependence on traditional incentive schemes, numerical targets, performance rating, slogans for improving productivity, and not identifying and providing the right type of training for each and everyone as demanded for every Job. The survey concludes that if all these factors are not mitigated a company may continue as ISO certified but not be recognized as a TQM company. Comments and conclusion The various surveys independently conducted by researchers and business ublications have revealed that awareness on quality of products and services has picked up in India. With quality based competition intensifying, Indian industries and business people are showing keen interest in improving the quality of products through TQM. A number of organizations, private and Government are actively propagating TQM through a variety of training and educational programs. TQM has proved to be a vital ingredient for success, and now has its permanent roots in the mission and vision of the Indian corporate sector. However, based on common observations the requirements for quality to succeed in India can be summarized as ollows: . a strong consumer movement; . a sincere and committed drive by the corporate sector to keep quality as the main focus; . trict enforcement of standards by the regulatory bodies and authorities; . avoidance of multiple grading of quality in products, like export quality, first grade, seconds, import rejects, etc. ; . setting an example in adhering to high quality performance and output, before pointing to others. While TQM no doubt has enabled the Indian companies to improve the quality of products and services, the international market demands still higher uality levels to give due recognition a nd acceptance.

Public Relations Strategies and Tactics

Success in public relations entirely depends on integrating communication. Integrated communication is strategic in nature and ensures that the organization gets its desirable output. This specifically crucial in cases of crisis response where organizations are trying to undo any damages caused by rumors or negative accusations.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Public Relations Strategies and Tactics specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Communication is therefore not just a common aspect of public relations. However communication needs to be strategic in nature. The approach used to relay any information to the public is one that is less offensive (Dozier, Grunig, Grunig, 1995). Communication in public relation is considered to similar to communication in advertising where the massage is sent to the end user. The similarity comes with the nature of information to be sent (Cutlip, Center, Broom, 1997). Clarity is of the essence while relaying the message. The public need not to experience difficulties in decoding the messages or interpreting them. The process of communication involves the sender encoding the message and sending it through a medium to the receiver, who is required to decode the message. The practitioners in this case are the senders of the message and the public is the receiver. The message therefore has to be relayed in a simpler way to enable the receiver act in the expected desirable manner (Wilcox, Ault, Agee, Cameron, 2003). According to Dozier, Grunig, and Grunig (1995), the message communicated in public relations, has several components. These components include: developing an idea in the senders mind, coding the idea appropriately, selecting a medium to send the encoded idea, decoding the idea by the receiver, the receiver developing the idea in their minds. Practitioners in public relations are of high caliber. They have the ability to feed the public with strategic information while making consultations with the management and leadership of organizations. The practitioners have the ability to plan what information will go to the public, how the information will be relayed without causing damage, and when is the appropriate time to relay the information? Basically, practitioners are critical thinkers. They weigh situations before informing the public. With strategic planning in public relations, there is prospect of getting desirable output (Wilcox, Ault, Agee, Cameron, 2003).Advertising Looking for report on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Selecting practitioners to fill the post of public relation personnel in any organization needs to take into account some important characteristics and skills of the prospective individual (Wilcox, Ault, Agee, Cameron, 2003). Apart from having stable individual characteristics, there are other dimensions of behavior that need t o be displayed by the practitioners. Basically practitioners are a people’s person. Networking is a critical aspect that is mandatory for every practitioner. This entails the ability of the individual to be able to develop and maintain casual relationships or informal interpersonal relationships with other people. Networking is a fundamental characteristic for practitioners to possess since it helps in certain critical situations (Wilcox, Ault, Agee, Cameron, 2003). Another important characteristic for practitioners to be a people’s person is the ability to communicate effectively. Communication is wide and it involves oral, written and internet enabled communication. Writing skill is specifically professional forms of writing. They include the ability to write documents such as memos, letters, and press releases. Despite the fact that electronic communication especially social media and emailing has marred the quality in written forms of communication, practitioners are expected to be able to adjust to professionalism especially when handling official communication. Most companies today use social media as a means to maintain their public relations. Professionalism still needs to be maintained when communicating through social media (Wilcox, Ault, Agee, Cameron, 2003). Apart from written communication prowess, practitioners are also required to be able to express themselves orally. Practitioners need to have the ability to articulate their thoughts and represent the perception and philosophy of their organization confidently before people (Wilcox, Ault, Agee, Cameron, 2003). In most cases, it is the public relation people who are expected to make speeches on behalf of an organization during internal or external crisis response. Any information relating to public relation that needs to be relayed will have to be done by the PR practitioner. Therefore making the communication of the information effective needs an individual with a combination o f communication skills including confidence of making speech before cameras and before people. Being a people’s person also requires the ability to use social media and any other internet enabled communication. The practitioners have to familiarize with internet communication tools such as blogs, and search engines, and social media. There is a whole range of the public who can easily be reached through the use of internet enabled communication tools.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Public Relations Strategies and Tactics specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More With communication skills, simplicity is the most emphasized. PR practitioners are required to communicate to all kinds of audiences. The audiences include: business and corporate executives both in the c level management and mid level management, normal employees, and the general public. The information communicated needs to be simple so that all these audiences can be able to understand (Wilcox, Ault, Agee, Cameron, 2003). References Cutlip, S. M., Center, A. H., Broom, G. M. (1997). Effective Public Relations. Eaglewood cliff: prentice hall. Dozier, D. M., Grunig, L. A., Grunig, J. E. (1995). Manager’s Guide to Excellence in Public Relations and Communications Management. Prentice Hall. Wilcox, D., Ault, P., Agee, W., Cameron, G. (2003). Public Relations Strategies and Tactics. Boston: bacon and allyan. This report on Public Relations Strategies and Tactics was written and submitted by user Landry Leon to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.