Prenatal Development Essay Example For Students

Prenatal Development Essay Prenatal development is the period in development from conception to the onsetof labor. Perinatal period is the period beginning about the seventh month ofpregnancy and continuing until about four weeks after birth. Postnataldevelopment is the period in development the follows directly after birth. Thegerminal stage is the stage lasting about ten -fourteen days followingconception before the fertilized egg becomes implanted in the uterine wall. Theembryonic stage is the stage in which major biological organs and systems form. The fetal stage is the stage in which is marked by rapid growth and preparationof body systems for functioning in the postnatal environment. Viability is theability of the baby to survive outside the mothers womb. The gestational ageis the age of the fetus derived from onset of mothers last menstrual period. The number of older mothers is on the rise in the U.S. as women postponepregnancy to establish careers or for other reasons. Healthy women older thanthirty-five routinely deliver healthy infants just as other between the ages oftwenty and thirty-five do. Teenagers, however, may be at a greater risk fordelivering less healthy babies. Lack of prenatal care is a big reason. Diets,while pregnant, must be sufficient not only in number of calories but also withrespect to the right amount of proteins, vitamins, and other nutrients. Stressalso plays a big role in delivering a healthy baby. Cultural beliefs aboutpotentially harmful consequences of frightening or stressful events on fetaldevelopment are pervasive, and many societies encourage a calm atmosphere forpregnant women. The social support a pregnant woman receives from family andfriends is an important factor that can lessen the consequences of stress duringpregnancy. Another reason is the complicated nutritional needs of teenagers. Teenage mothers give birth to as many as 500,000 babies in the U.S. every year. It is suggested to women that are thirty-five or older undergo a test. Not inall cases does the woman have to be certain age. In some cases women mustundergo an amniocentesis which is a small sampling of the fluid surrounding thedeveloping fetus by inserting a needle and drawing fluid. This test is designedto diagnose fetal developmental disorders and/or genetic disorders. Ultrasonography is a method using sound wave reflections to obtain arepresentation the developing fetus. Support within the womb: the placenta. Theplacenta is a support organ formed by the cells from both blastocyst and uterinelining; serves as exchange site for oxygen, nutrients and waste products. Theumbilical cord is made up of blood vessels in which oxygen, nutrients and wasteproducts are transported between placenta and embryo. As extra precaution thefetus is surrounded in a fluid-filled, transparent protective membrane known asthe amniotic sac. Teratogen is any environmental agent that can cause deviationsin prenatal development. Causing behavioral problems to death. There are anumber of diseases that can cause complications to a pregnancy. These are just afew of the many diseases that can cause harm: toxoplasmosis, hepatitis B,diabetes, and chlamydia. FAS (Fetal Alcohol Syndrome) is a cluster of fetalabnormalities stemming from mothers consumption of alcohol. This disease canb e avoided. Most infants are born in a hospital, although there are somealternative birth settings such as, birthing centers (home-like setting). Statistics show that births directly supervised under a midwife, have lesscomplications and distress. Preparing for childbirth, prepared childbirth (alsoknown is ouch), is procedures practiced during pregnancy and childbirth designedto minimize pain and reduce the need for medication during delivery. A cesareanbirth is the delivery of a baby through a surgical incision in the womansabdomen and uterus. During the delivery, a fetal monitoring device is used tomonitor fetal heartbeat. In the first stage of labor , the neck of the uterus,dilates and thins to open a passage through the birth canal. When the water isabout to break, the babys head rests inside the cervix. Then, transition, thebaby shifts to the birth canal. After the resting in the birth canal, the babyis ready to be born. The head rotates sideways after it emerges. Thus, allowingthe placenta to fall. Infants born with low-birth weight are in luck. Despitethe immediate obstacles facing low-birth weight babies, many become n ormalchildren and adults. Newborns and infants display a number of states. 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